Artemisia afra - In vivo studies of antimalarial properties

Review of in vivo studies of the antimalarial properties of Artemisia afra

This article reviews and gives access to in vivo studies of the antimalarial properties of Artemisia afra

Artemisia afra - In vivo studies of antimalarial properties

Review of in vivo studies of the antimalarial properties of Artemisia afra

2007

James W. Gathirwa, Geoffrey M. Rukunga, Eliud N. M. Njagi, Sabah A. Omar,
Anastasia N. Guantai, Charles N. Muthaura, Peter G. Mwitari, Cecilia W. Kimani,
Peter G. Kirira, Festus M. Tolo, Teresia N. Ndunda, Isaiah O. Ndiege
In vitro anti-plasmodial and in vivo anti-malarial activity of some plants traditionally used for the treatment of malaria by the Meru community in Kenya
J Nat Med (2007) 61:261–268

In vitro anti-plasmodial and in vivo anti-malarial activity of some plants traditionally used for the treatment of malaria by the Meru community in Kenya

Abstract:

Extracts of seven medicinal plant species used for treatment of malaria in traditional/cultural health systems of the Ameru people in Kenya were tested in vitro and in vivo against Plasmodium falciparum (D6 and W2 strains) and Plasmodium berghei, respectively. Of the plants tested, 28.57% were highly active (IC 50 <10 lg/ml) and 42.86% moderately active (IC 50 10–50 lg/ml), while 28.57% had weak activity of 50–125 lg/ml in vitro. The water and methanol extracts of Boscia salicifolia Oliv. and Artemisia afra Jacq. (ex-Willd.) were the most active against both the chloroquine (CQ)-sensitive (D6) and the CQ-resistant (W2) Plamosium falciparum strains. Artemisia afra and Rhus natalensis Bernh. (ex-Krauss) exhibited the highest parasite clearance and chemo-suppression (>70%) in vivo (in mice). The plants with high in vitro anti-plasmodial (low IC 50 values) and high anti-malarial activity (high chemo-suppression) in vivo are potential sources of novel anti-malarial drugs.

Keywords: Anti-malarial, Anti-plasmodial, Toxicity, Boscia salicifolia, Artemisia afra, Rhus natalensis

2016

Constant Kansango Tchandema, Pierre Lutgen
In Vivo Trials on The Therapeutic Effects of Encapsulated Artemisia Annua and Artemisia Afra Jacq.
Global Journal For Research Analysis, Peer Review, International Journal, Volume : V, Issue : VI, June - 2016

InVivo Trials on The Therapeutic Effects of Encapsulated Artemisia Annua and Artemisia Afra.

Abstract:

This trial took place in the province of Katanga in the RDCongo and was handled in two parts :

1. 82 volunteers suffering from malaria were treated during 7 days with capsules containing powdered leaves of Artemisia annua from Luxembourg (AAL) or from Burundi (AAB) and Artemisia afra (AAF). Total dose for AAL was 15 gr, for AAB 7.5 gr and for AAF 7.5 gr. Despite these low doses all patients were free of fever after 2 days and 85% were free of parasites after 7 days for AAL, 76% for AAB and 40% for AAF.

2. 44 volunteers carrying trophozoites were treated with capsules containing Artemisia afra leaf powder from Burundi. The total dose of Artemisia afra powder administered over 10 days was 20.gr.

In order to better understand the prophylactic and therapeutic effect of Artemisia herbal medicine on malaria infection it is important to assess the CD4 count and gametocyte carriage before and after treatment. It was found that on day 10 the CD4 count had on the average increased by 20% and the trophozoite carriage was reduced to zero except in a few rare cases.

2019

Jérôme Munyangi, Lucile Cornet-Vernet, Michel Idumbo, Chen Lu, Pierre Lutgen, Christian Perronne, Nadège Ngombe, Jacques Bianga, Bavon Mupenda, Paul Lalukala, Guy Mergeai, Dieudonné Mumba, Melissa Towler, Pamela Weathers
- Artemisia annua and Artemisia afra tea infusions vs. Artesunate-amodiaquine (ASAQ) in treating Plasmodium falciparum malaria in a large scale, double blind, randomized clinical trial
Phytomedicine, Volume 57, April 2019, Pages 49-56

Artemisia annua and Artemisia afra tea infusions vs. Artesunate-amodiaquine (ASAQ) in treating Plasmodium falciparum malaria in a large scale, double blind, randomized clinical trial

Abstract:

Background and objective: Prior small-scale clinical trials showed that Artemisia annua and Artemisia afra infusions, decoctions, capsules, or tablets were low cost, easy to use, and efficient in curing malaria infections. In a larger-scale trial in Kalima district, Democratic Republic of Congo, we aimed to show A. annua and/or A. afra infusions were superior or at least equivalent to artesunate-amodiaquine (ASAQ) against malaria.

Methods: A double blind, randomized clinical trial with 957 malaria-infected patients had two treatment arms: 472 patients for ASAQ and 471 for Artemisia (248 A. annua, 223 A. afra) remained at end of the trial. ASAQ-treated patients were treated per manufacturer posology, and Artemisia-treated patients received 1l/d of dry leaf/twig infusions for 7 d; both arms had 28 d follow-up. Parasitemia and gametocytes were measured mi-croscopically with results statistically compared among arms for age and gender.

Results: Artemisinin content of A. afra was negligible, but therapeutic responses of patients were similar to A. annua-treated patients; trophozoites cleared after 24 h, but took up to 14 d to clear in ASAQ-treated patients. D28 cure rates defined as absence of parasitemia were for pediatrics 82, 91, and 50% for A. afra, A. annua and ASAQ; while for adults cure rates were 91, 100, and 30%, respectively. Fever clearance took 48 h for ASAQ, but 24 h for Artemisia. From D14-28 no Artemisia-treated patients had microscopically detectable gametocytes, while 10 ASAQ-treated patients remained gametocyte carriers at D28. More females than males were gametocyte carriers in the ASAQ arm but were unaffected in the Artemisia arms. Hemoglobin remained constant at 11g/dl for A. afra after D1, while for A. annua and ASAQ it decreased to 9–9.5 g/dl. Only 5.0% of Artemisia-treated patients reported adverse effects, vs. 42.8% for ASAQ.

Conclusion: A. annua and A. afra infusions are polytherapies with better outcomes than ASAQ against malaria. In contrast to ASAQ, both Artemisias appeared to break the cycle of malaria by eliminating gametocytes. This study merits further investigation for possible inclusion of Artemisia tea infusions as an alternative for fighting and eradicating malaria.

Keywords: ACT, ASAQ, Artemisinin, Malaria, Clinical trial, Tea infusion

Published online by La vie re-belle
 21/04/2020
 https://www.lavierebelle.org/artemisia-afra-etude-in-vivo-des-199

 Documents

 In vitro anti-plasmodial and in vivo anti-malarial activity of some plants traditionally used for the treatment of malaria by the Meru community in Kenya
PDF 
 J Nat Med
 InVivo Trials on The Therapeutic Effects of Encapsulated Artemisia Annua and Artemisia Afra.
PDF 
 Global Journal For Research Analysis
 Artemisia annua and Artemisia afra tea infusions vs. Artesunate-amodiaquine (ASAQ) in treating Plasmodium falciparum malaria in a large scale, double blind, randomized clinical trial
PDF 
 Phytomedicine

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